US WW2 STERLING BLACKTON OFFICER NURSE HAT BADGE SEE STORE WW1 RARE BADGES For Sale

US WW2 STERLING BLACKTON OFFICER NURSE HAT BADGE SEE STORE WW1 RARE BADGES
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US WW2 STERLING BLACKTON OFFICER NURSE HAT BADGE SEE STORE WW1 RARE BADGES:
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PLEASE SEE STORELOT MORE --COMBINE SHIPPINGSAVE $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$LARGE BADGE !!!!!!!Navy Nursing.World War II[edit]First African American Navy Nurse Corps Officer ENS Phyllis Mae Dailey in 1945Nurse and released POW aboardUSSBenevolence, World War II

Preparation for the conflict again saw the Nurse Corps grow, with nearly eight hundred members serving on active duty by November 1941, plus over nine hundred inactive reserves. By war\'s end there would be 1,799 active component nurses and 9,222 reserves (with the overwhelming number of reserves on active duty) scattered across six continents.

Though black nurses applied, until 1945, African-American nurses were rejected by the Navy.Phyllis Mae Daileybecame the first black nurse accepted in the Navy Nurse Corps on March 8, 1945.Edith DeVoe, the only black navy nurse to be transferred at the end of the war to the regular service, took her oath on April 18, 1945,[9]and Eula L. Stimley entered service on May 8, 1945.[10]Along withHelen Fredericka Turner, these four nurses were the first African-American women to serve in the Navy during World War II.[11]

Navy nurses were on duty during the initial Japaneseattack on Pearl Harbor,Kāneʻohe Bay, thePhilippines,Guam, and aboard theSolace; they were vital in preventing further loss of life and limb. In fact, the nursing profession\'s vital role was quickly recognized and it became the only women\'s profession that was deemed so essential as to be placed under the War Manpower Commission. Despite shortages of qualified nurses during the war, the navy was able to hold to its standards and enroll nurses of outstanding qualifications and experience. These outstanding nurses received advanced training in surgery, orthopedics, anesthesia, contagion, dietetics, physiotherapy, and psychiatry, the latter helping men understand and manage Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (then known as shell-shock) and battlefield fatigue. But the navy nurses\' duties not only included the tending to the injured and sick but also to the equally serious task of training Hospital Corpsmen. Many of these young men had never seen the inside of a hospital unless they themselves had been admitted, and as such it was training from the ground up. Once trained, the men were sent to work aboard fighting ships and on invasion beaches, where nurses were not yet officially assigned. Additionally, nurses trainedWAVESfor the Hospital Corps.[12]

In the Pacific, Navy Nurses were the first American women to be sent to the islands north ofNew Caledonia, and the first group toEfate, in theNew Hebrides. AtEfatethey cared for the wounded from the longGuadalcanal Campaign, Army as well as Navy and Marine personnel. Others were stationed inNew Caledonia,the Solomons,New Zealand, Australia,New Guinea,Coral Sea,Savo,Samoa,Tarawa,Attu,Adak,Dutch Jima, andOkinawa. The purpose of these forward operating areas was stabilization. Only when patients were fully stabilized were they sent on toPearl Harbor, and then eventually to thecontiguous United States.

In Europe, navy nurses served in both England and Italy and in North and South America atTrinidad,Panama,Puerto Rico,Bermuda,Brazil, andNewfoundland. Navy nurses were even stationed in Africa.[13]

In thecontiguous United States, navy nurses were stationed at 263 locations, consisting of both large naval hospital complexes such asUSN Hospital San Diego, California andBethesda,Marylandas well as at a multitude of smaller naval convalescent hospitals and training station facilities. One of the more colorful convalescent hospitals was the USN Convalescent Hospital located at the Sun Valley Lodge inIdaho. After the lodge – built by theUnion Pacific Railroadand its chairmanW. Averell Harriman– opened in 1936, it quickly became a hotspot for the rich and famous. Notables includedErnest Hemingwaywho worked onFor Whom the Bell Tollsin room No. 206,Clark Gable,Errol Flynn,Claudette Colbert,Bing CrosbyandGary Cooper.[14]However, as supporting the war became a top priority and recreation secondary, the lodge was converted into a hospital, opening its doors in July 1943. In 1946 it reverted to its intended use. The story of the USN Convalescent Hospital is not unlike a host of other facilities which were converted, including the Averell Harriman estate in the Bear Mountains of theCatskillsand theAhwahnee HotelatYosemite National Park.

Aboard hospital ships, navy nurses followed the fleet in their assaults, and were eventually permitted to go to the beaches with the fighting men to pick up the wounded. Early in the war only theUSSSolaceandUSSReliefbrought comfort to the wounded fighting men via all-navy medical personnel. Later andRescuewere added.[13]

  • Purple Heart Award, Sun Valley Lodge 1943
  • Navy Nurse Corps, Sun Valley Lodge 1944
  • Navy Nurses Aboard USS Solace 1945
Prisoners of War[edit]

Two groups of Navy nurses were held prisoner by the Japanese inWorld War II. Chief Nurse Marion Olds and nursesLeona Jackson, Lorraine Christiansen, Virginia Fogerty and Doris Yetter were taken prisoner on Guam shortly afterPearl Harborand transported to Japan. They were repatriated in August 1942, although the newspaper did not identify them as Navy nurses.

Chief NurseLaura Cobband her nurses, Mary Chapman, Bertha Evans, Helen Gorzelanski, Mary Harrington, Margaret Nash,Goldia O\'Haver, Eldene Paige, Susie Pitcher, Dorothy Still and C. Edwina Todd (some of the \"Angels of Bataan\") were captured in 1942 and imprisoned in theLos Baños internment camp, where they continued to function as a nursing unit, until they were rescued by American forces in 1945. Other Los Baños prisoners later said: \"We are absolutely certain that had it not been for these nurses many of us who are alive and well would have died.\"[15]The nurses were awarded theBronze Star Medalby the Army, a second award by the Navy and the Army\'s Distinguished Unit Badge.

Ann Agnes Bernatitus, one of theAngels of Bataan, nearly became a POW; she was one of the last to escapeCorregidor Island, via theUSSSpearfish. Upon her return to the United States she became the first American to receive theLegion of Merit.

Flight nurses[edit]Navy Flight Nurse School, 1940sNavy flight nurse Jane Kendeigh and wounded Marine in Iwo Jima, 1945

The first group of 24 NavalFlight Nursesgraduated from the Navy Flight Nurse School at theNaval Air Station Alameda, California on 22 January 1945.[16]In addition to flight nurse procedures, they were trained to swim one mile, tow or push a victim for 220 yards, and swim 440 yards in 10 minutes.[17]The newly minted flight nurses soon began active flying service on 24 flying teams, consisting of a nurse and a pharmacist\'s mate. Each 12-plane squadron operated with the following medical personnel: 24 flight nurses, 24 pharmacists\' mates, one flight surgeon, and one Hospital Corps officer. After a certain number of transcontinental trips with wounded servicemen, the teams were sent to the Pacific to serve in the Naval Air Evacuation Service, the first arriving inGuamin early February 1945.[18]There were three main flights of air evacuation planes to which flight nurses were assigned. First, from target areas to forward hospitals, such asGuam: second, from those forward hospitals toPearl Harbor; and third, fromPearl Harborto thecontiguous United States. Nurses were rotated so that flight hours did not exceed 100 per month and they were also rotated between combat and noncombat flights.[18]

An efficient procedure for aerial evacuation from target areas was quickly developed. The squadron flight surgeon and several pharmacists\' mates were on the first hospital plane to land on the captured airfield. The surgeon established an evacuation clearing station adjacent to the airstrip, where with the help of his corpsmen, he collected patients from the first-aid and holding stations and screened them for air transport, giving necessary treatment prior to flight. As soon as the second hospital plane landed, the flight nurse aboard received her orders. The plane was loaded and usually departed in approximately 45 minutes, the flight nurse being responsible for all patients aboard. With the corpsman\'s aid, she dressed wounds, administered whole blood or plasma, gave medications, and fed the patients. Using this procedure, within 30 days, approximately 4,500 injured men were flown out of Okinawa alone.[18]

Navy flight nurses walk from their Douglas R5D (C-54)

Flight nurseJane \"Candy\" Kendeighwas among the first flight nurses to fly to and from an active battlefield in the Pacific when, on 3 March 1945, she flew round-trip fromGuamtoIwo Jimato aid in the evacuation of wounded U.S. Marines.[19]As luck would have it, Ensign Kendeigh was also aboard the Navy\'s first medical evacuation flight bound forOkinawa, making her the first Navy flight nurse on bothIwo JimaandOkinawa. After her heroic work inIwo Jima, she was sent back to the U.S. to participate in a War Bond drive. Soon after she started that assignment, she requested to be sent back into the Pacific combat zone. She flew her missions withAgana,Guambased Air Evacuation Transport Squadron One (VRE-1), which was an elite unit of theNaval Air Transport Service(NATS).

Korea[edit]Nurse assists in surgery aboardUSSHavenoff of Korea, 1952

The need for naval medical facilities in Asia grew when theKorean Warbegan. A small naval dispensary atYokosuka, staffed by only six nurses, evolved into a full-fledged hospital staffed by 200 nurses. The Navy Nurse Corps expanded its ranks by recalling Reserve nurses with World War II experience. It temporarily reduced staffs at continental hospitals to staff the forward area. The Navy also commissioned civilian nurses. These nurses served in hospitals as well as aboard theUSSHavenand two other Haven-class ships, where almost 35 percent of battle casualties were admitted through September 1952. These hospital ships were a new type of mobile hospital, moving from place to place, sometimes supporting the Inchon invasion or aiding the Hungnam evacuation, or simply shifting about the Korean coast as needed. Two senior Navy nurses, Commander Estelle Kalnoske Lange and Lieutenant Ruth Cohen, received theBronze Starfor their work on the Navy hospital ships.[20]

Lt. Sarah Griffin Chapman, who had lost her lower left leg in an accident and retired prior to Korea, fought to be recalled to active duty so that she could teach other young amputees how to walk again.[21]Though outside the Korean theater, one aviation accident claimed the lives of 11 Navy nurses. The mishap occurred on the South Pacific island ofKwajaleinon 19 September 1950. These women were en route to hospitals in Japan to care for war casualties when their plane crashed into the Pacific shortly after take off.[20]


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