WW1 VICTORY MEDAL-PATCH-RIBBON REAL THING - SEE STORE WW1-WW2 MEDALS -BADGES For Sale

WW1 VICTORY MEDAL-PATCH-RIBBON REAL THING - SEE STORE WW1-WW2 MEDALS -BADGES
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Please read whole add a lot of history of WW1World War I Victory Medal (United States)
World War I Victory MedalObverseTypeService medalAwarded for"service between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, or with either of the followingexpeditions:
  • American Expeditionary Forces in European Russiabetween November 12, 1918, and August 5, 1919.
  • American Expeditionary Forces Siberiabetween November 23, 1918, and April 1, millimeters in diameter. On theobverseis a wingedVictorystanding full length and full face. On the reverse is the inscriptionThe Great War for Civilizationand thecoat of arms for the United Statessurmounted by afasces, and on either side the names of theAllied and Associated Nations. The medal is suspended by aringfrom asilkmoireribbon1 3/8 inches in length and 36 millimeters in width, composed of tworainbowsplaced injuxtapositionand having the red in the middle, with a white thread along each edge.CountryUnited StatesPresented bySecretary of WarandSecretary of the NavyEligibilityMilitary personnel onlyMottoThe Great War for 105years agoService ribbonandcampaign streamerPrecedenceNext(higher)Mexican Border Service MedalNext(lower)Army of Occupation of Germany Medal

    TheWorld War I Victory Medal(known prior to establishment of theWorld War II Victory Medalin 1945 simply as theVictory Medal) was aUnited Statesservice medaldesigned byJames Earle FraserofNew York Cityunder the direction of theCommission of Fine Arts.[1]

    Award of a commonalliedservice medal was recommended by an inter-allied committee in March 1919.[2]Each allied nation would design a 'Victory Medal' for award to their military personnel, all issues having certain common features, including a winged figure ofvictoryon the obverse and the same ribbon.[3]

    The Victory Medal was originally intended to be established by anact of Congress. Thebillauthorizing the medal never passed, however, thus leaving the military departments to establish it throughgeneral orders. TheWar Departmentpublished orders in April 1919, and theNavyin June of the same year.[1]

    Criteria[edit]

    The Victory Medal was awarded to military personnel for service between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, or with either of the followingexpeditions:

    • American Expeditionary Forces in European Russiabetween November 12, 1918, and August 5, 1919.
    • American Expeditionary Forces Siberiabetween November 23, 1918, and April 1, 1920.[4]
    Design[edit]

    The front of the bronze medal features awinged Victoryholding a shield and sword on the front. The back of the bronze medal features "The Great War For Civilization" in all capital letters curved along the top of the medal. Curved along the bottom of the back of the medal are six stars, three on either side of the center column of seven staffs wrapped in a cord. The top of the staff has a round ball on top and is winged on the side. The staff is on top of a shield that says "U" on the left side of the staff and "S" on the right side of the staff. On left side of the staff it lists oneWorld War I Alliedcountry per andGreece. On the right side of the staff the Allied country names read:Great with a U instead of an O as it is spelled now), andChina.

    Back of the medalDevices[edit]

    To denote battle participation and campaign credit, the World War I Victory Medal was authorized with a large variety of devices to denote specific accomplishments. In order of seniority, the devices authorized to the World War I Victory Medal were as follows:

    Citation Star[edit]

    TheCitation Starto the World War I Victory Medal was authorized by the United States Congress on February 4, 1919.[1]A3⁄16inch silver star was authorized to be worn on the ribbon of the Victory Medal for any member of the U.S. Army who had been cited for gallantry in action between 1917 and 1920. In 1932, the Citation Star ("Silver Star") was redesigned and renamed theSilver Star Medaland, upon application to theUnited States War Department, any holder of the Silver Star Citation could have it converted to a Silver Star medal.

    Navy Commendation Star[edit]

    TheNavy Commendation Starto the World War I Victory Medal was authorized to any person who had been commended by the Secretary of the Navy for performance of duty during the First World War. A3⁄16inch silver star was worn on the World War I Victory Medal, identical in appearance to the Army's Citation Star. Unlike the Army's version, however, the Navy Commendation Star could not be upgraded to the Silver Star medal.[1][5]

    Army Battle Clasps[edit]

    The followingbattle clasps, inscribed with a battle's name, were worn on the medal to denote participation in major ground conflicts.[1]

    Army Battle ClaspsMajor Ground ConflictStart DateEnd DateAisneMay 27, 1918June 5, 1918Aisne-MarneJuly 18, 1918August 6, 1918CambraiMay 12, 1917December 4, 1917Champagne-MarneJuly 15, 1918July 18, 1918LysApril 9, 1918April 27, 1918Meuse-ArgonneSeptember 26, 1918November 11, 1918Montdidier-NoyonJune 9, 1918June 13, 1918Oise-AisneAugust 18, 1918November 11, 1918St. MihielSeptember 12, 1918September 16, 1918Somme-DefensiveMarch 21, 1918April 6, 1918Somme-OffensiveAugust 8, 1918November 11, 1918Vittorio-VenetoOctober 24, 1918November 4, 1918Ypres-LysAugust 19, 1918November 11, 1918Four of the thirteen major ground conflicts

    For general defense service, not involving a specific battle, the "Defensive Sector" Battle Clasp was authorized. The clasp was also awarded for any battle which was not already recognized by its own battle clasp.

    The World War I Victory Medal bears the clasps of the battles the U.S. Army participated in across the ribbon. Not all battles are shown on the bar clasps. Only the battles designated as battles that would have bars issued were shown on the medal. The famousBattle of Chateau Thierryto hold the Chateau and the bridge as a joint effort between the US Army and the US Marines against the German machine gunners did not get awarded clasps.

    As commander of theAmerican Expeditionary Forces, GeneralJohn J. Pershingreceived all 14 clasps. His medal is in theNational Museum of American History.[6]

    Navy Battle Clasps[edit]

    Navy battle clasps were issued for naval service in support of Army operations and had identical names to the Army battle clasps. There was a slight variation of the criteria dates for the Navy battle clasps, as listed below.[1]

    Navy Battle ClaspsMajor Ground ConflictStart DateEnd DateAisneJune 1, 1918June 5, 1918Aisne-MarneJuly 18, 1918July 20, 1918Meuse-ArgonneSeptember 29, 1918October 10, 1918Meuse-ArgonneOctober 25, 1918November 11, 1918St. MihielSeptember 12, 1918September 16, 1918Ypres-Lys (Service in support of the Northern Bombing Group)

    The Defensive Sector Clasp was also authorized for Navy personnel who had participated in naval combat but were not authorized a particular battle clasp.


    1st Infantry Division (United States)23 languages
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    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"Big Red One" redirects here. For the motion picture, seeThe Big Red One. For the video game, seeCall of Duty 2: Big Red One.For other uses, see1st Division.1st Infantry DivisionInsignia of the 1st Infantry DivisionActive24 May 1917 - presentCountryUnited StatesBranchUnited States ArmyTypeCombined armsSizeDivisionPartofIII Armored CorpsGarrison/HQFort Riley, KansasNickname(s)"The Big Red One"[1](abbreviated "BRO"[2])
    "The Bloody First"Motto(s)No Mission Too Difficult. No Sacrifice Too Great. Duty First!March"The Big Red One Song"[3]Mascot(s)RagsEngagements
    • World War I
      • Montdidier-Noyon
      • Aisne-Marne
      • St. Mihiel
      • Meuse-Argonne
    • World War II
      • Algeria-French Morocco
      • Tunisia
      • Italian campaign
      • Operation Husky
        • Battle of Troina
      • Operation Overlord
      • Northern France
        • Operation Cobra
      • Rhineland
        • Battle of the Mons pocket
        • Battle of Aachen
      • Battle of Hürtgen Forest
      • Ardennes-Alsace
      • Central Europe
        • Operation Lumberjack
        • Battle of Remagen
    • Vietnam War
      • Tet Offensive
    • Gulf War
      • Operation Desert Storm
      • Battle of 73 Easting
      • Battle of Norfolk
    • Global War on Terrorism
      • Iraq War
        • First Battle of Fallujah
        • Second Battle of Fallujah
        • Battle of Ramadi
      • War in Afghanistan
      • Operation Enduring Freedom
      • Operation Freedom's Sentinel
      • Operation Inherent Resolve
    Website[link removed by ]
    LeadershipCommandersCommanding GeneralMajor GeneralJohn V. Meyer IIIDeputy Commanding GeneralBrigadier GeneralNiave F. KnellCommand Sergeant MajorCommand Sergeant MajorDerek NoyesPrevious CommandersComplete listInsigniaSubdued shoulder sleeve insignia, worn on ACUCombat Service Identification BadgeDistinctive unit insigniaFlag[4]show1st Infantry Division"The Big Red One"(1942–1945)US Infantry DivisionsPreviousNextNone2nd Infantry Division

    The1st Infantry Division(1ID) is acombined armsdivisionof theUnited States Army, and is the oldest continuously serving division in theRegular Army.[5]It has seen continuous service since its organization in 1917 duringWorld War I.[6]It was officially nicknamed"The Big Red One"(abbreviated "BRO"[2]) after itsshoulder patch[6]and is also nicknamed "The Fighting First."[6]The division has also received troop monikers of "The Big Dead One" and"The Bloody First"as puns on the respective officially sanctioned nicknames.[7]It is currently based atFort Riley, Kansas.

    World War I[edit]

    A few weeks after theAmerican entry into World War I, theFirst Expeditionary Division, later designated the 1st Infantry Division, was constituted on 24 May 1917, in theRegular Army, and was organized on 8 June 1917, atFort Jay, onGovernors Islandin New York harbor under the command ofBrigadier GeneralWilliam L. Sibert, from Army units then in service on theMexico–United States borderand at various Army posts throughout the United States. The originaltable of organization and equipment(TO&E) included twoorganicinfantry brigades of two infantry regiments each, one engineer battalion; one signal battalion; one trench mortar battery; one field artillery brigade of three field artillery regiments; one air squadron; and a full division train. The total authorized strength of this TO&E was 18,919 officers and enlisted men.George S. Patton, who served as the first headquarters commandant for theAmerican Expeditionary Forces, oversaw much of the arrangements for the movement of the 1st Division to France, and their organization in-country.Frank W. Coe, who later served as Chief ofCoast Artillery, was the division's first chief of staff.

    The first units sailed fromNew York CityandHoboken, New Jersey, on 14 June 1917.[8]Throughout the remainder of the year, the rest of the division followed, landing atSt. Nazaire, France, andLiverpool, England. After a brief stay in rest camps, the troops in England proceeded to France, landing atLe Havre. The last unit arrived in St. Nazaire 22 December. Upon arrival in France, the division, less its artillery, was assembled in the First (Gondrecourt) training area, and the artillery was at Le Valdahon.

    Red Crossnurses serving bread and coffee todoughboysof the 16th Infantry, 1st Division, upon their arrival inParis, July 4, 1917.

    On 4 July, the 2nd Battalion,16th Infantry,[9]paraded through the streets ofParisto bolster the sagging French spirits. An apocryphal story holds that atLafayette's tomb, to the delight of the attending Parisians, CaptainCharles E. Stantonof the division's 16th Infantry Regiment stepped forward and declared, "Lafayette, nous sommes ici! [Lafayette, we are here!]" Two days later, on 6 July, Headquarters, First Expeditionary Division was redesignated as Headquarters, First Division, American Expeditionary Forces.

    GeneralJohn J. Pershing, Commander'in-Chief of the AEF, and Major GeneralCharles P. Summerall, commander of the 1st Division, inspectingdoughboysof the 16th Infantry, 1st Brigade, 1st Division, in France, September 7, 1918.

    On 8 August 1917, the 1st Division adopted the "square" Table of Organization and Equipment (TO&E), which specified two organic infantry brigades of two infantry regiments each; one engineer regiment; one signal battalion; one machine gun battalion; one field artillery brigade of three field artillery regiments, and a complete division train. The total authorized strength of this new TO&E was 27,120 officers and enlisted men.

    On the morning of 23 October, the first American shell of the war was fired toward German lines by a First Division artillery unit. Two days later, the 2nd Battalion of the 16th Infantry suffered the first American casualties of the war.

    By April 1918, the German Army had pushed to within 40 miles (64km) of Paris. In reaction to this thrust, the division moved into thePicardySector to bolster the exhausted French First Army. To the division's front lay the small village ofCantigny, situated on the high ground overlooking a forested countryside. The 28th Infantry Regiment[citation needed]attacked the town, and within 45 minutes captured it along with 250 German soldiers. It was the first American victory of the war. The 28th was thereafter named the "Black Lions of Cantigny."[10]

    First Division monument on the Meuse-Argonne Battlefield, France.

    Soissonswas taken by the 1st Division in July 1918. The Soisson's victory was costly – 700 men were killed or wounded. (One of them, PrivateFrancis Lupoof Cincinnati, wasmissing in actionfor 85 years, until his remains were discovered on the former battlefield in 2003).[11]The 1st Division took part in the first offensive by an American army in the war, and helped to clear theSaint-Mihielsalient by fighting continuously from 11 to 13 September 1918. The last major World War I battle was fought in theMeuse-Argonne Forest. The division advanced a total of seven kilometers and defeated, in whole or part, eight German divisions. This victory was mainly due to the efforts ofGeorge C. Marshall, who began the war as the division's Deputy Chief of Staff before being elevated to G-3 for the entire AEF in July 1918. Combat operations ended with the implementation of the terms of theArmisticeon 11 November 1918. At the time the division was atSedan, the farthest American penetration of the war, and was the first to cross theRhineinto occupied Germany.

    By the end of the war, the division had suffered 4,964 killed in action, 17,201 wounded in action, and 1,056 missing or died of wounds. Five division soldiers receivedMedals of Honor.

    The division's dog mascot was a mixed-breed terrier known asRags. Rags was adopted by the division in 1918 and remained its mascot until his death in 1936. Rags achieved notoriety and celebrity as awar dog, after saving many lives in the crucialArgonneCampaign by delivering a vital message despite being bombed and gassed.

    Order of battle[edit]Assigned units[edit]
    • Headquarters, 1st Division
    • 1st Infantry Brigade
      • 16th Infantry Regiment
      • 18th Infantry Regiment
      • 2nd Machine Gun Battalion
    • 2nd Infantry Brigade
      • 26th Infantry Regiment
      • 28th Infantry Regiment
      • 3rd Machine Gun Battalion
    • 1st Field Artillery Brigade
      • 5th Field Artillery Regiment(155mm)
      • 6th Field Artillery Regiment(75mm)
      • 7th Field Artillery Regiment(75mm)
      • 1st Trench Mortar Battery
    • 1st Machine Gun Battalion
    • 1st Engineer Regiment
    • 2nd Field Signal Battalion
    • Headquarters Troop, 1st Division
    • 1st Train Headquarters and Military Police
      • 1st Ammunition Train
      • 1st Supply Train
      • 1st Engineer Train
      • 1st Sanitary Train
        • 2nd, 3rd, 12th, and 13th Ambulance Companies and Field style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0.5em;">1st Military Police Company, 1st Infantry Division.

          World War I order of battleAttached units[edit]En route to France and in 1st (Gondrecourt) Training Area[edit]

          (as of 9 June – 23 September 1917)

          • 5th Regiment USMC
          Ménil-la-Tour Area 28 February – 3 April 1918[edit]
          • 1st Battalion, 2nd Engineers (2nd Division)
          Cantigny Sector, at times from 27 April to 7 July 1918[edit]
          • French 228th Field Artillery Regiment (75mm)
          • French 253d Field Artillery Regiment (75mm)
          • 1st and 2nd Battalions of the French 258th Field Artillery Regiment (75mm)
          • 4th Battalion, Fr 301st Artillery Regiment (155mm)
          • One battery, French 3rd Cl Artillery Regiment (155mm)
          • 3rd and 4th Battalions, French 284th Artillery Regiment (220mm)
          • 2nd Battalion, French 289th Artillery Regiment (220mm)
          • One battery, Fr 3d Cl Artillery Regiment (220mm)
          • 6th Battalion, Fr 289th Artillery Regiment (280mm)
          • Two batteries Fr TM (58mm)
          • One battery Fr TM (150mm)
          • One battery Fr TM (240mm)
          • Fr 5th Tank Battalion (12 tanks)
          Aisne-Marne Operation[edit]

          (as of 18–23 July 1918)

          • Fr 42d Aero Sq
          • Fr 83d Bln Company
          • Fr 253d FA-Portée (75mm)
          • Fr 11th and 12th Groups of Tanks
          Saizerais Sector[edit]

          (as of 8–24 August 1918)

          • Fr 258th Aero Sq
          • 6th and 7th Bln Companies
          • 3 batteries Fr 247th FA- Portée
          • Preceding and during the Saint-Mihiel Operation, at times from 8–14 September 1918
          • 8th Observation Sq
          • 9th Bln Company
          • 58th Field Artillery Brigade and 108th Am Tn (33d Division)
          • 76th Field Artillery (3d Division)(75mm)
          • Two batteries, 44th CA (8")
          • Troops D, F, and H, 2nd Cavalry
          • Two platoons, Company A, 1st Gas Regiment (Eight mortars)
          • Two infantry battalions (42nd Division)
          • 6th Infantry Brigade (3nd[clarification needed]Division)
            • Two companies, 51st Pioneer Infantry
            • 7th MG Battalion (3d Division)
            • 49 tanks of 1st Tank Operation[edit]

              (as of 1–2 October 1918)

              • 60th Field Artillery Brigade
              • 110th Am Tn (35th Division)

              (as of 1–12 October 1918)

              • 1st Aero Squadron
              • 2d Bln Company
              • Fr 219th Field Artillery (75mm)
              • Fr 247th Field Artillery (6 batteries 75mm)
              • Fr 5th Battalion 282d Artillery (220mm)
              • Provisional Squadron, 2d Cavalry
              • Company C, 1st Gas Regiment
              • Company C, 344th Tank Battalion, 1st Tank Brigade (16 tanks)
              • Companies B and C, 345th Tank Battalion, 1st Tank Brigade (16 tanks)

              (as of 7 October 1918)

              • 362d Infantry (91st Division)

              (as of 8–11 October 1918)

              • 181st Infantry Brigade (91st Division)
              Coblenz Bridgehead[edit]
              • 14th Bln Company (18–30 June 1919)
              • MG elements, Fr 2d Cavalry Division (18–30 June 1919)
              • 4th MG Battalion (2d Division) 18–29 June 1919
              • 7th MG Battalion (3d Division) 20–30 June 1919
              Detached service[edit]The 1st Infantry Division enteringTrier, Germany, November 1918.
              • At Le Valdahon 22 August – 18 October 1917 with15th (Scottish) Divisionduring theSecond Battle of the Aisne, 24 July 1918 withU.S. 90th Division
                • 1st Field Artillery Brigade
                • 1st Am Tn
              • With the 15th (Scottish) Division during Aisne-Marne Operation 24 July 1918 inSaizerais(Villers-en-Haye) Sector 24–28 August 1918;
                with42nd DivisioninMeuse-ArgonneOperation 13–31 October 1918;
                with2nd Divisionin Meuse-Argonne Operation 1–4 November 1918.
                • 1st Sn Tn
              • WithIII Corps28 September – 2 October 1918
                • 1st Engineers
              • With American forces in Germany after 9 August 1919.
                • 2d, 6th Field Artillery
                • Company A, 1st Engineers
                • Companies A, B, C, D, 1st Sup Tn
                • F Hosp 13[12]
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